Miguel JoaquĂn Diego del Carmen Serrano Fernández (10 September 1917 – 28 February 2009), was a Chilean diplomat, writer, occultism, and fascism activist. A Nazism sympathiser in the late 1930s and early 1940s, he later became a prominent figure in the Neo-Nazism movement as an exponent of esoteric Nazism.
Born to a wealthy Chilean family, he developed an interest in writing and far-right politics, allying himself with the National Socialist Movement of Chile. During the Second World War, in which Chile remained neutral until 1943, Serrano campaigned in support of Nazi Germany and promoted antisemitic conspiracy theories through his own fortnightly publication, La Nueva Edad. In 1942, he joined an occult order founded by a German immigrant which combined pro-Nazi sentiment with ceremonial magic and kundalini yoga. It presented the Nazi German leader Adolf Hitler as a spiritual adept who had incarnated to Earth as a savior of the Aryan race and who would lead humanity out of a dark age known as the Kali Yuga. Serrano became convinced that Hitler had not died in 1945 but had secretly survived and was living in Antarctica. After visiting Antarctica, Serrano travelled to Germany and then Switzerland, where he met the novelist Hermann Hesse and psychoanalyst Carl Jung; in 1965, he published a reminiscence of his time with the pair.
In 1953, Serrano joined the Chilean diplomatic corps and was stationed in India until 1963, where he took a keen interest in Hinduism and wrote several books. He was later made ambassador to Yugoslavia and then Austria, and while in Europe made contacts with various former Nazis and other far-rightists living on the continent. Following Chile's election of a Marxism President, Salvador Allende, Serrano was dismissed from the diplomatic service in 1970. After Allende was ousted in a coup and Augusto Pinochet took power, Serrano returned to Chile in 1973. He became a prominent organiser in the Chilean neo-Nazi movement, holding annual celebrations of Hitler's birthday, organising a neo-Nazi rally in Santiago, and producing a neo-Nazi political manifesto. He wrote a trilogy of books on Hitler in which he outlined his view of the Nazi leader as an avatar. He remained in contact with neo-Nazis elsewhere in the world and gave interviews to various foreign far-right publications. After Savitri Devi, he has been considered the most prominent exponent of Esoteric Hitlerism within the neo-Nazi movement.
Between 1929 and 1934, he studied at the Internado Nacional Barros Arana. The school had been heavily influenced by staff members who had arrived in the late 19th century, with Serrano attributing his later Germanophile to this early exposure to German culture. At the school he moved in literary circles. A close friend of his was Hector Barreto, a poet and Socialism. Aged 18, Barreto was killed in a brawl with uniformed Nacistas, members of the National Socialist Movement of Chile, a fascism group inspired by the example of the Nazi Party in Germany. This event encouraged Serrano's involvement in left-wing politics as he began to take an interest in Marxism and the Chilean Marxist movement. He wrote articles for leftist journals like Sobre la marcha, La Hora, and Frente Popular. His uncle, the poet Vicente Huidobro, encouraged him to join the left-wing Republicans in the ongoing Spanish Civil War, but he did not do so.
Although Serrano had initially shown little interest in Nazi attitudes towards Jewish people, he became increasingly interested in Antisemitism conspiracy theories about Jews manipulating world events. Two Chilean artists gave him a Spanish language translation of the Protocols of the Elders of Zion, a text purporting to expose this alleged international Jewish conspiracy. According to the historian Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke, it was this discovery of the Protocols which "marked a crucial point in the development of Serrano's Nazism". From November 1941, he began printing excerpts from the Protocols in La Nueva Edad.
Serrano also developed an interest in forms of religious or spiritual practice, including both Western esotericism and Hinduism. In late 1941, Gallo suggested that Serrano could support the German and Italian war effort not just through his publications, but also on the etheric Inner Planes, introducing him to an esoteric order sympathetic to Nazism. Serrano later claimed that this order had been founded near the start of the 20th century by a German migrant known as "F. K." Serrano was initiated into the group in February 1942.
F. K. claimed that the group owed its allegiance to a secretive Brahmin elite who resided in the Himalayas. It practiced combined kundalini yoga with ceremonial magic and expressed a pro-Nazi position. It espoused a belief in an astral body which could be awakened through various rituals and meditative practices. The group revered the Nazi German leader Adolf Hitler as the savior of an Aryan race and presented him as a shudibudishvabhaba, an initiate of immense willpower who had voluntarily incarnated onto Earth to assist in the overthrow of the Kali Yuga, a present dark age for humanity. F. K. claimed that through the astral realm, he was able to establish a connection with Hitler, during which they had various conversations.
As the Second World War ended in defeat for Nazi Germany in 1945, Serrano was convinced that Hitler had not committed suicide in Berlin as was claimed by the victorious Allies. Instead, Serrano believed that Hitler had escaped and was living in Antarctica, either in a secluded warm environment on the continent or under the ice cap itself. This idea had been suggested to him by F. K.—who claimed that he remained in astral contact with Hitler—but was also widely rumoured in the Latin American press. In 1947, Ladislao Szabó's book Hitler est vivo had been published, exerting an influence on Serrano. Szabó's book alleged that a U-boat convoy had taken Hitler to safety in Queen Maud Land. In 1947–48, Serrano travelled to Antarctica as a journalist with the Chilean Army. In 1948, he wrote his own short book, La Antártica y otros Mitos, which repeated Szabó's claims about Hitler's survival.
In 1951, Serrano travelled to Europe, and in Germany visited various sites associated with the Nazi Party, including Hitler's Berlin bunker, Hitler's Berghof home, and Spandau Prison, where Rudolf Hess and other prominent Nazis were then imprisoned. During this trip he also visited Switzerland, where he met and befriended the writer Hermann Hesse and the psychoanalyst Carl Jung.
Leaving India, from 1962 to 1964 he was posted as the Chilean ambassador to Bulgaria. From 1964 to 1970 he then served as his country's ambassador to Austria, for which he lived in Vienna. During the latter posting, he also represented Chile at the International Atomic Energy Agency and the United Nations Industrial Development Organization, both of which were based in Vienna. While in Europe, he had sought out a number of individuals linked to Nazism and to the far-right more broadly; these included visits to the Ahnenerbe co-founder Herman Wirth, the designer and occultist Landig Group, the poet Ezra Pound, and the Traditionalist thinker Julius Evola. He established friendships with a number of individuals involved in the old Nazi movement, including Léon Degrelle, Otto Skorzeny, Hans-Ulrich Rudel, Marc Augier, and Hanna Reitsch. He also discussed issues with the ancient astronaut proponent Robert Charroux.
In the 1970 Chilean presidential election, the Socialist Salvador Allende was elected president. Later that year, Serrano was dropped from the country's diplomatic service. Rather than returning to Chile, he moved to Switzerland, renting an apartment in the Casa Camuzzi—where Hesse had lived from 1912 to 1931—at Montagnola in the Swiss Ticino.
He increasingly associated with old Nazis living in Chile as well as with their neo-Nazi sympathisers. In May 1984 he attended the funeral of Walter Rauff—a member of the Waffen SS who had played a role in organising the early stages of the Holocaust and who had fled to Chile after the Second World War—and there gave the Nazi salute. In 1986 he published a political manifesto for Nazism in the Southern Cone of South America. He began organising annual celebrations of Hitler's birthday at a rural retreat in Chile. In September 1993, he led a neo-Nazi rally in Santiago—dressed in what had become his trademark black leather coat—in honor of the Nazi Rudolf Hess and the Nacistas summarily executed by Chilean police officers following their 1938 coup attempt. As well as playing a role in organising the Chilean neo-Nazi movement, Serrano maintained correspondences with neo-Nazis elsewhere in the world, such as the American Matt Koehl.
Serrano was the subject of an extensive interview in the Greek far-right magazine ΤΟ ΑΝΤΙΔΟΤΟ. Here, he sought to engage a younger audience by contrasting his Millenarianism vision of Nazism with his perception of the corruption of modern liberalism. He was also the subject of a feature in The Flaming Sword, a magazine issued by the Black Order, a neo-Nazi Satanism group established by the New Zealander Kerry Bolton. Bolton had also written his own study of Serrano's Esoteric Hitlerism, and the Black Order's occult framework was influenced by Serrano's ideas. Despite the interest that Nazi Satanists took in Serrano's work, he was critical of attempts to combine Satanism with Nazism, in 2001 stating that individuals who did so "will only damage our sacred fight with all the kookiness from California, like Satanism". He added that "Many Satanists do not know that they are manipulated, psychotronically, in fact hypnotized, when not infiltrated by the CIA, Mossad and other such secret organisations."
By the early 1990s, Serrano's Esoteric Hitlerist ideas were spreading among Modern paganism, gaining particular popularity among far-right Germanic heathens in the United States. The American Heathen Katja Lane of the Wotansvolk group secured the rights to publish English translations of Serrano's work, with Wotansvolk becoming the main promoter of Serrano's writings in the Anglophone world through their Fourteen Words. One of the prominent far-right Heathens to be influenced by Serrano's ideas was Jost Turner. Another American occultist to cite an influence from Serrano's ideas was Michael Moynihan, who also cited having been influenced by Evola, Muammar Gaddafi, Mikhail Bakunin, and James Mason.
In 28 February 2009, Familiares y camaradas despiden al Nazi de las letras Chilenas , La NaciĂłn, 2 March 2009 Muere el poeta nazi chileno Miguel Serrano a los 91 años, Soitu.es, 2 March 2009. Fallece escritor y ex embajador Miguel Serrano, El Mercurio, 2 March 2009. Obituarios: Miguel Serrano, Poeta del nazismo en Chile, Ramy Wurgaft, El Mundo, 9 March 2009.Sierra, Andrea; Los tesoros que deja en Chile el Ăşltimo ideĂłlogo del nazismo, El Mercurio, 8 March 2009Robles, Leonardo; El poeta nazi emprendiĂł el viaje al infinito, El Mercurio de ValparaĂso, 3 March 2009 Serrano died after suffering a stroke in his apartment in the Santa LucĂa Hill sector of Santiago, the capital.GarcĂa, Javier; Un polĂ©mico maestro: el legado de Miguel Serrano, La Tercera, 19 August 2017 During his funeral at the General Cemetery, the procession paused at Irene Klatt Getta's crypt, where his coffin and the crowd of over 100 people stopped momentarily before continuing.
The historian Rafael Videla Eissman proposed that a plaque commemorating Serrano be erected on the western side of the Cerro Santa LucĂa, although in June 2014 the municipality of Santiago rejected the idea. In February 2016, the newspaper La Segunda published an interview with Serrano's grandson, Sebastián Araya, in which he discussed his relationship with his grandfather. In December 2017, the author and journalist Gonzalo LeĂłn published a fictionalized novelisation of Serrano's life.
The latter is under the jurisdiction of the Demiurge, an inferior godlet whose realm is the physical planet Earth. The Demiurge had created a bestial imitation of humanity in the form of proto-human "robots" like Neanderthal Man, and intentionally consigned his creatures to an endless cycle of involuntary reincarnation on the earthly plane to no higher purpose. The Hyperboreans recoiled in horror from this entrapment within the Demiurge's cycles. They themselves take the devayana, the Way of the Gods, at death and return to the earth (as Bodhisattvas) only if they are willing.
Determined upon a heroic war to reclaim the Demiurge's deteriorating world, the Hyperboreans clothed themselves in material bodies and descended on to the Second Hyperborea, a ring-shaped continent around the North Pole. During this Golden Age or Satya Yuga, they magnanimously instructed the Demiurge's creations (the Black, Yellow and Red races native to the planet) and began to raise them above their animal condition. Then disaster struck; some of the Hyperboreans rebelled and intermingled their blood with the creatures of the Demiurge, and through this transgression Paradise was lost. Serrano refers to Genesis 6.4: "the sons of God came in to the daughters of men, and they bore children to them". By diluting the divine blood, the primordial miscegenation accelerated the process of material decay. This was reflected in outward catastrophes and the North and South Poles reversed positions as a result of the fall of a comet or moon. The polar continent disappeared beneath the deluge and Hyperborea became invisible again. The Hyperboreans themselves survived, some taking refuge at the South Pole. Serrano regards the mysterious appearance of the fine and artistic Cro-Magnon Man in Europe as evidence of Hyperboreans driven southward by the Ice Age. But Serrano claims that the Golden Age can be reattained if the Hyperboreans' descendants, the Aryans, consciously repurify their blood to restore the divine blood-memory:
There is nothing more mysterious than blood. Paracelsus considered it a condensation of light. I believe that the Aryan, Hyperborean blood is that – but not the light of the Golden Sun, not of a galactic sun, but of the light of the Black Sun, of the Green Ray.Serrano 1984: 95.
1938 | AntologĂa del Verdadero Cuento en Chile | Santiago de Chile, Talleres "Gutenberg". | Selections, prologue, and notes by Serrano. Short stories by: Pedro Carrillo, Braulio Arenas, Adrián JimĂ©nez, Juan Tejeda, Eduardo Anguita, TeĂłfilo Cid, Juan Emar, Carlos Droguett, Anuar AtĂas, Miguel Serrano, and HĂ©ctor Barreto. | |
1948 | La Antártica y otros Mitos The | First edition (Spanish):
1948 (Santiago de Chile). 52 pages
Other editions: Excalibur, XIV (winter 1988). The New Age Santiago, 2004. . | Speech that was delivered by Miguel Serrano in 1948 after his participation in the Second Chilean Antarctic Expedition (1947–48). | |
1950 | Ni por mar ni por tierra… (historia de una generación) Neither | First edition (Spanish):
1950 (Nascimento, Santiago de Chile). 400 pages.
Other editions: EB Books. Santiago, 2017. . Kier. Buenos Aires, 1979 (abbreviated). Trilogy of the search in the outside world. Nascimento Santiago, 1974 (abbreviated). | ||
1957 | Quién llama en los Hielos Invitation | Santiago, Chile, Editorial Nascimento; Barcelona: Planeta, 1974 | ||
1960 | Los misterios ''The | First edition (Spanish):
1960 (New Delhi). 20 pages
Other editions: Be-uve-drais. Santiago, 2006 (Spanish). . EB Books. Santiago, 2016 (Spanish). . Excalibur, vol. XVII (autumn 1989) (Spanish). New Delhi, 1960 (English). | ||
1960 | Las visitas de la Reina de Saba. Translated as The Visits of the Queen of Sheba, foreword by C. G. Jung | Santiago Nascimento; Bombay, New York: Asia Pub. House; New York: Harper & Row 1973,, ; London, Boston: Routledge and K. Paul 1972, 2nd ed., & (pbk.) | ||
1963 | La Serpiente del ParaĂso. Translated as The Serpent of Paradise: The Story of an Indian Pilgrimage | Santiago, Chile, Editorial Nascimento; London: Rider 1963; New York: Harper & Row 1st ; London: Routledge and Kegan Paul Revised, & | ||
1965 | El cĂrculo hermĂ©tico, de Hesse a Jung. Translated as C. G. Jung and Hermann Hesse: A Record of Two Friendships, and alternatively as Jung and Hesse: A Record of Two Friendships | Santiago: Zig-Zag 1965; New York: Schocken Books 1966; London: Routledge & K. Paul 1966; | ||
1969 | The Ultimate Flower | New York: Schocken Books 1970,; London: Routledge & K. Paul 1969, & | ||
1972 | El/Ella: Book of Magic Love | New York: Harper & Row, ; | ||
1974 | TrilogĂa de la Busqueda del Mundo Exterior | Santiago, Chile: Editorial Nascimento | Anthology of Ni por mar, ni por tierra, QuiĂ©n llama en los hielos, and La serpiente del paraĂso. | |
1978 | El Cordón Dorado: Hitlerismo Esotérico The | Part one of his Hitler Trilogy | ||
1980 | Nos, libro de la ResurecciĂłn. Translated to Nos, Book of the Resurrection | Buenos Aires: Editorial Kier; London, Boston: Routledge & Kegan Paul 1984, | ||
1984 | Adolf Hitler, el Ăšltimo AvatĂŁra Adolf | Part two of his Hitler Trilogy | ||
1986 | Nacionalsocialismo, Unica Solución para los Pueblos de América del Sur National | Santiago: Alfabeta; Bogotá: Editorial Solar, 2nd ed. 1987 | ||
1986 | La Resurrección del Héroe: Año 97 de la era Hitleriana The | Santiago: Alfabeta Impresores | ||
1987 | Contra la Usura by Gottfried Feder; Serrano contribuidor. | Santiago, Chile: Alfabeta Impr. | Spanish translation of Manifest zur Brechung der Zinsknechtschaft des Geldes The | |
1991 | MANĂš: "Por El Hombre Que Vendra" Manu: | Part three of his Hitler Trilogy | ||
1992 | No Celebraremos la Muerte de los Dioses Blancos | |||
1994 | Nuestro Honor se Llama Lealtad | |||
1995 | Imitacion de la Verdad: La ciberpoliĂtica. Internet, realidad virtual, telepresencia | Santiago: Author | ||
1996 | Memorias de Él y Yo vol. I, Aparición del "Yo" – Alejamiento de "Él" Memories | Santiago: La Nueva Edad. First edition (Spanish): 1996 (The New Age, Santiago de Chile). 216 pages. .
Other editions: Solar. Bogotá, 2001. . | ||
1997 | Memorias de Él y Yo vol. II, Adolf Hitler y la Gran Guerra Memories | Santiago: La Nueva Edad. First edition (Spanish):
1997 (The New Age, Santiago de Chile). 312 pages .
Other editions: Solar. Bogotá, 2001. . | ||
1998 | Memorias de Él y Yo vol. III, Misión en los Transhimalaya Memories | Santiago: La Nueva Edad. Spanish, first edition
312 pages
Editions The New Age (1998) Other editions: Solar. Bogotá, 2001. . | ||
1999 | Memorias de Él y Yo vol. IV, El Regreso Memories | Santiago: La Nueva Edad. First edition (Spanish):
1999 (The New Age, Santiago de Chile). 312 pages .
Other editions: Solar. Bogotá, 2001. (). | ||
2000 | Foreword to Temple of Wotan: Holy Book of the Aryan Tribes by Ron McVan | 14 Word Press, | ||
2001 | Se AcabĂł Chile | |||
2003 | El hijo del viudo ''The | Spanish, 2003: La Nueva Edad. Santiago de Chile. 72 páginas. . English, 2003: The New Age Santiago. . | ||
2003 | La entrega de la Patagonia mágica | |||
2005 | HipocresĂa. La tortura en Chile | |||
2005 | MAYA, La Realidad Es Una Ilusión ''MAYA, | Spanish, 2005: La Nueva Edad. Santiago de Chile. 44 páginas. . English 2006: The New Age. Santiago. | ||
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